Formula

Master Basic Excel Formulas: SUM, AVERAGE & More

Microsoft Excel is a powerful tool for managing data and performing calculations. With the help of formulas, we can perform simple as well as complex tasks easily.

In this blog by Anil Computers, Udaipur, we will learn 24 most important Excel formulas with explanation, syntax, and examples.

? Basic Excel Formulas with Explanation

1. SUM Formula

• Purpose: Adds two or more numbers together.

• Syntax:

   

  =SUM(number1, number2, …)

• Example:
  =SUM(10,20,30) → Result: 60
  =SUM(A1:A5) → Adds all numbers in cells A1 to A5.

2. AVERAGE Formula

• Purpose: Finds the average (mean) of given numbers.

• Syntax:

   

  =AVERAGE(number1, number2, …)

• Example:
  =AVERAGE(10,20,30) → Result: 20
  =AVERAGE(A1:A5) → Finds average of values in A1 to A5.

3. MAX Formula

• Purpose: Finds the largest number from a list of values.

• Syntax:

   

  =MAX(number1, number2, …)

• Example:
  =MAX(10,50,30) → Result: 50

4. MIN Formula

• Purpose: Finds the smallest number from a list of values.

• Syntax:

   

  =MIN(number1, number2, …)

• Example:
  =MIN(10,50,30) → Result: 10

5. LEN Formula

• Purpose: Counts the total number of characters (letters, numbers, spaces, symbols) in a cell.

• Syntax:

   

  =LEN(text)

• Example:
  =LEN("Excel") → Result: 5
  =LEN("Excel 2025") → Result: 10

6. UPPER Formula

• Purpose: Converts text into UPPERCASE letters.

• Syntax:

   

  =UPPER(text)

• Example:
  =UPPER("excel") → Result: EXCEL

7. LOWER Formula

• Purpose: Converts text into lowercase letters.

• Syntax:

   

  =LOWER(text)

• Example:
  =LOWER("EXCEL") → Result: excel

8. PRODUCT Formula

• Purpose: Multiplies numbers.

• Syntax:

   

  =PRODUCT(number1, number2, …)

• Example:
  =PRODUCT(5,4,3) → Result: 60

9. COUNT Formula

• Purpose: Counts only numbers in selected cells.

• Syntax:

   

  =COUNT(value1, value2, …)

• Example:
  =COUNT(10,"Excel",20) → Result: 2 (counts only numbers)

10. COUNTA Formula

• Purpose: Counts all non-empty cells (numbers + text).

• Syntax:

   

  =COUNTA(value1, value2, …)

• Example:
  =COUNTA(10,"Excel",20) → Result: 3

11. FACT Formula

• Purpose: Returns the factorial of a number.

• Syntax:

   

  =FACT(number)

• Example:
  =FACT(5) → Result: 120 (5×4×3×2×1)

12. POWER Formula

• Purpose: Returns power of a number.

• Syntax:

   

  =POWER(base, exponent)

• Example:
  =POWER(2,3) → Result: 8

13. SQRT Formula

• Purpose: Returns the square root of a number.

• Syntax:

   

  =SQRT(number)

• Example:
  =SQRT(25) → Result: 5

14. PROPER Formula

• Purpose: Capitalizes the first letter of each word.

• Syntax:

   

  =PROPER(text)

• Example:
  =PROPER("excel formula") → Result: Excel Formula

15. TODAY Formula

• Purpose: Displays current date.

• Syntax:

   

  =TODAY()

• Example:
  If today is 2 Sept 2025 → Result: 02-09-2025

16. NOW Formula

• Purpose: Displays current date and time.

• Syntax:

   

  =NOW()

• Example:
  Result: 02-09-2025 11:35 AM

17. ROUND Formula

• Purpose: Rounds a number to specific decimal places.

• Syntax:

   

  =ROUND(number, num_digits)

• Example:
  =ROUND(12.345,2) → Result: 12.35

18. EVEN Formula

• Purpose: Rounds a number up to the nearest even number.

• Syntax:

   

  =EVEN(number)

• Example:
  =EVEN(13) → Result: 14

19. ODD Formula

• Purpose: Rounds a number up to the nearest odd number.

• Syntax:

   

  =ODD(number)

• Example:
  =ODD(14) → Result: 15

20. MOD Formula

• Purpose: Returns the remainder after division.

• Syntax:

   

  =MOD(number, divisor)

• Example:
  =MOD(10,3) → Result: 1

21. QUOTIENT Formula

• Purpose: Returns only the integer part of a division.

• Syntax:

   

  =QUOTIENT(numerator, denominator)

• Example:
  =QUOTIENT(20,6) → Result: 3

22. COUNTIF Formula

• Purpose: Counts cells that meet a specific condition.

• Syntax:

   

  =COUNTIF(range, criteria)

• Example:
  =COUNTIF(A1:A5,">10") → Counts values greater than 10.

23. Discount Formula

• Purpose: Calculates discount on price.

• Formula:

   

  =Price * Discount%

• Example:
  If price = 1000 and discount = 10%
  =1000*10% → Result: 100

24. Percentage Formula

• Purpose: Finds percentage of a number.

• Formula:

   

  =(Part / Total) * 100

• Example:
  =(50/200)*100 → Result: 25%

✅ Conclusion

These 24 Excel formulas are the building blocks for anyone who wants to master Excel. They are useful for students, accountants, office staff, and business professionals.

 At Anil Computers, Udaipur, we provide Excel, Tally, Marg ERP, Photoshop, and Digital Marketing training with practical examples.

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